Firearm.



- Patented Ian. l4, I902. F. K. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

(Application filed Apr. 16, 1901.)

(No IMdal.) Y

4 Sheets-Sheet l. 1

Invenor.

zav anesses:

' (QMQ'AQFYM Patented Ian. I4, I902. F. K. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

(Application filed Apr. 16, 1901.)

4 Sheets-Sheaf-Z.

(No Model.)

M Rb QM m\ bb X X XIX/VIN I MUM HHI

Witnesses.-

Patented Ian. 14, I902. F. K. YOUNG.

FIREARM.

, (Application filed Apr. 16, 19 01.

4 Shea'ts-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

Witnesses:

Inventor.-

' hollow interior and is perforated at frontand rear topermitreciprocation of the firing-pin.

' UNITED: STATES PATENT. ,OF'F C FRANKLIN 1;; rooms, or BOSTON,MAssAbnUsE'rrrs."

FIREARM.

srnclrrcnrron'rormmg'pm of Letters Patent No: 691,040, dated January 14,1902. A nman and April 16,1901. SeriaiNo.66;Q78. 1(No model.)

To all whom, it may concern;

Be it knownfthat I, FRANKLIN KQYOUNG, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Boston, in the county ofv Suffolk and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFirearms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an automaticallyreloading firearm, bothsmall-arms and ordnance,-in which theoperation of the mech-i anism doesnot depend upon a movablebarrel. The object of my invention'is toproduce a gun of this character in which theloadi'ng and firingmechanism consists of few parts and is.

of simple construction.

My mven tion consists in mechanism having the novel features, which willbe fully.

described herein and which will be particularly pointed out in theclaims at the close of this specification. I

In the drawings, Figure 1 is -a side elevation, partly in section, of abreech mechanism illustrating my invention, showing the hammer cocked.Fig. ,2 is a vertical longitudinal section showing the position of themechanism after thehammer is thrown forward and the firing-pin hasstruck the cartridge. Fig.

3 shows the-hammer, bolt, and firingpin thrown back after the discharge.Fig. 4 is a cross-sectionon line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectionalplan of a part of the bolt and receiver on line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Figs. 6and 7 are detailed perspective views of the lockingblock. Fig. 8is avertical longitudinal section of the locking-block.

While I have shown my invention in the drawings as applied to ashoulder-gun, I do not intend to limit myself to such application, as itis adapted for use in other forms of firearms.

Referring now to the drawings, 1 is the reciiaivgr for the bolt 2, whichholds the firingp n 4'is the magazine, which may be varied in form toadapt it to the style of gun to which the invention is receiver 1.

The barrel 5 is represented in Fig. 2 as broken away and as screwed intothe end of the receiver 1. The-bolt 2 is formed with a applied andopensinto the The (ll'OSSsliGfld 7 is prcferabl y formed with an ofifset orshort stem 6, which fits in and closes the rear end of the bolt 2. head9 on itsrear end outsideof the bolt 2 The pin 3 has a and has a collar10 ashort distance inside of the bolt, the reciprocating movement of thefiring-pin relative to the bolt being limited by the head 9 and thecollar 10. In front of the collar 10 is a yoke 11, having flanges 12,which extend through thelongitndinal slots 13 in the sides of the bolt 2and project into theriife.

cesses14 in the sides of the receiver 1. yoke. has a sliding movement,aswillbe described hereinafter. v

5 Surrounding the firing-pin 3 is a spring 15, one end of which abutsagainst the forward end of the bolt 2 and the other endof which abutsagainst the yoke 11-." The tension of 7c the spring normally holds theyoke 11 in its rearmostposition, the location of the collar 10 on thefiring-pin being such that when the yoke is in its rearmost position,asdescribed, the yoke will abut against-the collar 10.

A bridge 16 extends-from side to side ofthe receiver 1 beneath the bolt2. Attached to or integral with said bridge and protecting downwardlytherefrom is a hanger 17, on

which is f ulcru med the locking-block 18. The

locking-block is formed with a slot and with a rounded pivot portion 20at the forward end of the slot, which fits in the curved notch 21 v inthe cndof the hanger 17 as a bearing, the

body of the hanger projecting through the slot in the locking-block whenthe lockingblock is in position.

Projecting from the upper face of the lock-.

end of the locking-block is an arm 26, and ex- I tending rearwardly fromarm'26 is an arm 27, a

which, when the'locking-block is open, as in hold the locking-block openuntil the hammer is tripped. This sliding arm, whichholdsthelocking-block in its open-position, as just de-- scribed,consists of an angle-bar mounted on Figs. 1 and 3,is engaged by thesliding arm 28 to x on g or projecting upward and integral with acylinder 29, which is closed at its rear end and open at its forwardend. Extending rears .wardly from the magazine 4 is the frame 34, 5 fromwhich rise thewalls 35, formingia sort of trough, within which thecylinder 29 slides. Projecting rea'rwardly from the magazine 4 isa pin30, on which is pivoted the dog 31 whichlterm the lockiug-block-closingdog. re This dog is pivoted loosely enough on the pin 30 to permit aslight rocking movement forward and back and has 'a'projection 32,whichforms a fulcrum hearing against the rear wall of the magazine. The'rearpart of the dog :5 31 at itsupper end bears against the arm 26 of thelocking block'. Surrounding the pin 7 30 is a coil-spring 33, one end ofwhich bears against-the lower portion of the dog 31 and the otherend ofwhich extends into the cylro indie'r'29and abuts up against the rear endof the cylinder.

--'The hammer 3 6]is pivoted at 37 between 39 is the head of the hammer,wh ich strikes :5 the'jnead- 90f the firing-pin.- A toe spur or boss40, rising from the pivoted end of the hammer, bears against the rearpartof thelocking-block when the hammer is up andprevents thelocking-block from being opened 30 until the hammer is again broughtback.

4 Projecting downwardly from the pivoted end of the hammer is a heelspur or boss 41,

f-the front face of which forms a back-stop for V the cylinder 29 andpushes inthe cylinder,

5 compressing the spring 33 when the hammer is thrown backward. The rearface of the V spur 41 forms a catch for. the trigger..

The trigger comprises a finger-piece 42 and a trip-arm 43, formedintegral with each other 0 or rigidly connected, so as to act together,

andpivoted at 44in the frame 34. 45 is the trigger-spring.

The operation of this firearm, whether small-arms or ordnance, may beperformed 45 either by hand or automatically. In the-latter case suchoperation is, preferably performedby means of a special cartridge, suchas is described in United States Letters Patent Nos. 624,145 and624,146, dated May 2,

1899, granted to me. Assuming the mechanism to be in position ready forfiring with the hammer back and acartridge in the bar-' rel, as shown in-Fig. 2, the locking-block is open and is locked in its open position bythe sliding arm 28' engaging the arm 27 of the locking-block. When; theblock is thus locked in its open position, the cylinder 290i the slidingarm 28 is heldv in its forward. position by the heel-spur 41on'thehammer and 6c the spring 33 is compressed. VVhen' the trigger ispulled,it releases the trip-arm 43 from engagement with thehpur 41 ofthe hammer, and the spring 33 is free to expand. The ekpension of thisspring throws back the cylinder 29 and throws the hammer violentlyforward. The rearward movement of thecylinder 29 releases the slidingarm 28from the described in my formerpatents referred to be used withthe intent to'operate thefirearm an 27 of the locking-block. As thespring 33 exerts its prgssure in both dLections, its forward tension onthe lower arm of the dog 31 causes the upper arm of the dog which restson the locking-block to close the locking-block as scenes the slidingarm 28 releases the arm 27. "If acartridge of the kind automatically,then when the hammer strikes the head 9 of the firing pin, as shown inFig.-

2, the latter is driven forward until it engages the rear of theigniting-plunger contained in' the cartridge. By this engagement theignit- I iug-plnnger in turn is driven forward into contact with therear of the bullet 47. The result of this contact of theigniting-plunger with the rear of the bullet explodes, the f ulminate orprimer situated between the rear of the bullet and the front end of theignitingplunger. By this explosion the charge of powder or otherexplosive contained in the cartridge is ignited, and by the resultingexplosion of this charge the igniting-plunger-is driven violentlybackward, and being engaged with the firing-pin 3 of the gun the liring-pin also is thrown violently backward until the collar 10 is broughtinto contact with the cross-head 7 of the bolt. During this movement ofthe firing-pin and before the collar lflhas come in contact with thecros's liead 7 the hammer has been forced backward by the .firingpinhead 9 and the backward 10c movement of this hammer, pushing cylinder 29forward, has caused the sliding arm 28 to engage the arm 27, thusunlocking a'nd opening the lockingblock. The bolt 2 now being unlocked,the collar 10 comes violently in con-' 1 e5 tact with the front of thecrosshea'd 7and throws the bolt to the rear until the-forward ends ofthe slots 13 come in contact with the front of the flanges 12 of theyoke 11, compressing the spring 15 between the yoke and the forward endof the bolt. .The rearward movement of this bolt has forced downward andpassed the hammer, causing the latter to become cooked by theengagementjetween the spur 41 and the trigger, as in Fig. 3. Thisrearward movement of the bolt also has extracted the empty shell fromthe cartridgechamber by means-of the extractor 49 and ejected it fromthe gun by means of the ejector, thus permitting the magazine-spring toforce upward a cartridge. into the proper position for being insertedinto the cartridgechamber by the subsequent forward movement of thebolt. 7 This forward movement is performed by the expansion of thespring 15, which occurs immediately after the bolt has completed itsbackward movement. 7

- What I claim is- 1. In an automatically-acting breech mechanism forfirearms, 0. coking-block, means for opening and closing said block andlock high: in ah open or closed position, a ham- .mer which when it isthrown' back actuates thelocking-block-opening mechanism'idopep' saidblock from being unlockeduntil the hammer is thrown forward, and whenthe hammer is thrown forward .it actnatesuthe locking-block;-closingmechanismgsnbstantiallyas described.

2. In an automatically-acting mechanism; I

; ted: bolt, arecessed receiver for the belt, a firfor firearms, alocking-block, means for opening the locking-block and looking it in anopen position, a hammer which when-it is thrown back actuates thelockingsblock-opeming mechanism to open said block and to hold it openuntil the ham'rneris thrown-forward, mechanism which closes thelocking-block when the hammer is thrown; forward, the hammerthen'l'ocking saidblock in its closed 3 position; substantially asdescribed" 1 I fl 3. In an automatically-acting breech mechanism for,firearms, a .Iockiug-block,ja hammer-having a projection which whenthe-hammer isthrown back opens the-locking-block and looks it open.until. the hammer is. thrown forward and then releases'it,'and ha'vingaI .projection wbich'when the hammer is thrown forward and thelocking-block is closed locks it in the closed position, substantially as de scribed; v j u the latter is thrown back which engages with.

the arm-of-the locking-block and opens saidblock and locks it open,substantially as de v Y limited sliding movement before theaholtis 5;11s. breech mechanism for firearms,

pivoted lockingblock, means for opening said block when the hammer isthrown back, a pivoted dog which engages said block, a spring whichtends to actuate the dogio close said block, means which look said-blockopen while the hammer is back, and which release the block when thehammer'isthrown for? ward,.. whereby said do is permitted to close saidblock, substantial y as described.

6. In breechmechanisnij for fiiiea'rmsfa locking-block, a sliding armhaving'atubniar base, a spring 'which;1's held in said.tnbe,'and

a hammer which when thrown back actuates said arm, to open and locksaidblock and said armto release said block when the ham-' mer releasesthe arm, substantially as'described.

' 7 Inbreech mechanism for flrearmsmslom I '55 ted bolt, arecessedreceiver for the bolt, a'firing-pin within said boltandextending through the rear end thereof, sto s on saidfiring-pinwhichpermitalimitedsli -i ngmove-, meat thereof relative 'tothe bolt, a flanged 4. In breech "mechanism jfor firearms", a:pwotedlocking-bloch havingan arm "anda, sliding arm actuated by thehammer whencompress said spring-said spring actuating yoke in front ofthe inside stop'whichextends 6c through said=.bolt into said receiver,whereby .hen'the firing-pin is moved either forwardly or'rearwardlyitwill move alimited distance 'thou't movement of the belt,substantially as describedn 6 8-; In breech mechanism for firearms, aslot-- ing-pin extending through the rear end of the bolt; stops onsaidfiring-pin outside and inside of said belt which permit a limited move-7 ment. of the pin relative tothe bolt,a flanged yoke, onsaidfiring-pinin front of the inside stop which extends through said bol i to. saidreceiver,-whereby when the'iiring-pin ismoved -rearwardly- 15mm; itsforward position-it will 7 move a limited distance without movement ofthe bolt and then further rearward-move ,ment of theflring-pin will alsomove the bolt 'rearwardly', a spring around said firing-pin between theyoke and the, forward .endcf the 8 bolt whichtehdstohold thebolt closedand s the ,fi'ring-pin in its rearward position substantially asdescribed.

' 9. In an automat'cally-acting breech mech anism for firearms, a belt,a locking-block, n18

hammer which when in its forward position against the firing-pin lockssaid block in engagement with the bolt, mechanism actuated 'by thehammer when thrown back which I opens said block and locks it'o releasmgthe bolt,1aiiring-pin;w. ich': extends through the rearlendofrtheboltstage a moved,;and which in its rearward movement .i throws back thehammer, the locking-block which engages said block'to'openit andlocli itopen; a spring in combinatienwithiisaid i sliding arm, a pivoted dogwhich (51183 8 1 said. block to close it, a hammer whichengages saidsliding arm, and a. firingpin,whicliin its rearward i movement engages"said hammer and thereby actuates said sliding armj'to'open 1 saidblock; substantially asldeserihed.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my eignature in presence of twowitnesses.

e FRANKLIN-K. YOUNG. Witnesses; Y p WILLIAM A.- COPELAND,

B T,WALLAcu.

